STATISTICS
 

• Types of data

  • Quantitative (test scores, number of tokens of word)

  • Ordinal (top 50 words in FICT and ACAD)

  • Nominal (M/F, state of origin, ethnic background)
     

• Normalization

  • 120 tokens in 20m words vs. 30 in 4m words
     

• Simple stats

  • Average, mean, median, and mode (10, 12, 13, 20, 20)

  • Standard deviation

  • Correlation (e.g. months on mission ~ score on vocabulary test)

• Hypotheses

  • Causation

  • Null hypothesis

  • How to know if statistically significant (e.g. p < .05)

  • Continuous vs categorial

  • t-test (continuous, e.g. test scores)
     

  Class 1	Class 2
  93	88
  92	87
  94	90
  93	84
  92	83
  	85

   

  • Here it's significant at .0005
     

• Chi square (categorial, e.g. boys vs girls, 1800s vs. 1900s, count up total in each group)
   

• Mutual information and z-score (e.g. collocates of havoc, strike, break)

• ANOVA: Analysis of variation (which factors most important)